أثر تهديدات الأمن السيبراني على العلاقات الدولية: رؤيا معاصرة للصراع الدولي

أولاً: المصادر العربية

1- الكتب

ابن منظور. لسان العرب. بيروت: دار صادر، المجلد 13.

جودة أبو ألياس. (2011). الأمن البشري وسيادة الدول. بيروت: المؤسسة الجامعية للدراسات والنشر والتوزيع.

2- البحوث المنشورة في المجلات العلمية

أحمد فريجة، والدمية فريجة. (2016). الأمن والتهديدات الأمنية في عالم ما بعد الحرب الباردة. مجلة دفاتر السياسة والقانون.

شهرزاد أدمام. (2013). طبيعة التهديدات الأمنية الجديدة. مجلة الندوة للدراسات القانونية.

محمد حشمي. (2018). مدرسة باريس للدراسات الأمنية وإشكالية مستوى التحليل في العلاقات الدولية. مجلة السياسة الدولية.

زينب عباس راضي. (2025). فاعلية الأمن السيبراني في السياسة العالمية (المفهوم والتدابير الأمنية للدول). مجلة آشور للعلوم القانونية والسياسية، 2 (1).

منى عبد الله. (2020). متطلبات تحقيق الأمن السيبراني لأنظمة المعلومات الإدارية بجامعة الملك سعود. مجلة كلية التربية، جامعة المنصورة.

حسن محمد حسن. (2021). الأمن السيبراني وتحديات الأمن القومي في العصر الرقمي. المجلة العربية للدراسات الأمنية، 37 (2).

3- المداخلات وأعمال المؤتمرات

قاسم حجاج. (2014). التدخل الإنساني للجيش الوطني الشعبي في مواجهة الكوارث الطبيعية. مداخلة مقدمة في الملتقى الدولي حول الدفاع الوطني بين الالتزامات والتحديات الإقليمية.

4- التقارير والاستراتيجيات الحكومية والمصادر الإلكترونية

الهيئة الوطنية للأمن السيبراني. (2023). الاستراتيجية الوطنية للأمن السيبراني. الرياض، المملكة العربية السعودية.https://nca.gov.sa/ar/pages/national-strategy تاريخ الوصول: 13 يناير (2026).

البوابة الرسمية لحكومة دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة. (2024). السلامة السيبرانية والأمن الرقمي. استراتيجيات ومبادرات. https://u.ae/ar/information-and-services/justice-safety-and-the-law/cyber-safety-and-digital-security تاريخ الوصول: 13 يناير (2026).

ثانياً: المصادر الأجنبية

1- الكتب

Furnell, S. (2021). Cyber Security: Everything You Need to Know About Computer and Cyber Safety (2nd ed.). BCS Learning & Development Ltd.

Gordon, L. A., & Loeb, M. P. (2006). The Economics of Information Security: A Framework for Making Decisions (1st ed.). Springer-Verlag.

Rid, T. (2020). Active Measures: The Secret History of Disinformation and Strategic Warfare. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

Schmitt, M. N. (Ed.). (2017). Tallinn Manual 2.0 on the International Law Applicable to Cyber Operations. Cambridge University Press.

Singer, P. W., & Friedman, A. (2014). Cybersecurity and Cyberwar: What Everyone Needs to Know. Oxford University Press.

Wiener, N. (1948). Cybernetics or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine. MIT Press.

2- المعايير والأطر والأدلة الفنية

International Organization for Standardization. (2012). Information Technology—Security Techniques—Guidelines for Cybersecurity (ISO/IEC 27032:2012, Clause 4).

International Telecommunication Union. (2008). ITU-T Recommendation X.1205: Overview of Cybersecurity (Section 3.2.1). ITU.

National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2017). An Introduction to Information Security (NIST Special Publication 800-12 Rev. 1, p. 7). U.S. Department of Commerce.

National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2020). NICE Cybersecurity Workforce Framework (NIST Special Publication 800-181). U.S. Department of Commerce.

National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2022). Cybersecurity Supply Chain Risk Management Practices for Systems and Organizations (SP 800-161 Rev. 1). U.S. Department of Commerce.

3- الكتب والتقارير المتعلقة بالأمن الدولي والسياسات الأمنية

Mazarr, M. J., et al. (2019). The Character of Manipulation: The Use of Information as a Tool of Statecraft. RAND Corporation.

NATO Cooperative Cyber Defense Centre of Excellence. (2016). 20th Century Redux: Cyber Power. NATO CCDCOE Publications.

OECD. (2012). Cybersecurity Policy Making at a Turning Point: Analysing a New Generation of National Cybersecurity Strategies. OECD Publishing.

National Science Foundation. (2007). Cyberinfrastructure Vision for 21st Century Discovery. NSF Press.

The Brookings Institution. (2022). Cyber Campaigns and the Future of Political Warfare. Brookings Press.

4- التقارير الدولية وتقارير الشركات والمؤسسات

Boston Consulting Group. (2024). What Leaders in Cybersecurity Get Right: Annual Cybersecurity Survey 2024.

Check Point Software Technologies. (2024). 2024 Cloud Security Report.

Health-ISAC. (2024). Healthcare Cybersecurity Benchmarking Study 2024.

Mandiant (Google Cloud). (2024). M-Trends 2024.

Microsoft. (2023). Microsoft Digital Defense Report 2023. Microsoft Corporation.

Verizon Business. (2024). 2024 Data Breach Investigations Report (DBIR).

World Economic Forum. (2024). Cybersecurity and Future Developments: Insight Report.

World Economic Forum. (2024). The Global Cybersecurity Outlook 2024.

References

Abdullah, M. (2020). Cybersecurity requirements for management information systems at King Saud University. Journal of the College of Education, Mansoura University.

Adamam, S. (2013). The nature of new security threats. Al-Nadwa Journal for Legal Studies.

Boston Consulting Group. (2024). What leaders in cybersecurity get right: Annual cybersecurity survey 2024.

Check Point Software Technologies. (2024). 2024 cloud security report.

Furnell, S. (2021). Cyber security: Everything you need to know about computer and cyber safety (2nd ed.). BCS Learning & Development Ltd.

Freija, A., & Freija, A. (2016). Security and security threats in the post-Cold War world. Dafatir al-Siyasa wa al-Qanun Journal.

Gordon, L. A., & Loeb, M. P. (2006). The economics of information security: A framework for making decisions (1st ed.). Springer-Verlag.

Hajjaj, Q. (2014). The humanitarian intervention of the People's National Army in the face of natural disasters. Paper presented at the International Conference on National Defense between Commitments and Regional Challenges.

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Health-ISAC. (2024). Healthcare cybersecurity benchmarking study 2024.

Ibn Manzur. (n.d.). Lisan al-Arab (Vol. 13). Dar Sader.

International Organization for Standardization. (2012). Information technology—Security techniques—Guidelines for cybersecurity (ISO/IEC 27032:2012, Clause 4).

International Telecommunication Union. (2008). ITU-T Recommendation X.1205: Overview of cybersecurity (Section 3.2.1). ITU.

Jawdat Abu Elias. (2011). Human security and state sovereignty. University Foundation for Studies, Publishing and Distribution.

Mandiant (Google Cloud). (2024). M-Trends 2024.

Mazarr, M. J., et al. (2019). The character of manipulation: The use of information as a tool of statecraft. RAND Corporation.

Microsoft. (2023). Microsoft digital defense report 2023. Microsoft Corporation.

National Cybersecurity Authority. (2023). National cybersecurity strategy. Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. https://nca.gov.sa/ar/pages/national-strategy

National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2017). An introduction to information security (NIST Special Publication 800-12 Rev. 1, p. 7). U.S. Department of Commerce.

National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2020). NICE cybersecurity workforce framework (NIST Special Publication 800-181). U.S. Department of Commerce.

National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2022). Cybersecurity supply chain risk management practices for systems and organizations (SP 800-161 Rev. 1). U.S. Department of Commerce.

National Science Foundation. (2007). Cyberinfrastructure vision for 21st century discovery. NSF Press.

NATO Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence. (2016). 20th century redux: Cyber power. NATO CCDCOE Publications.

OECD. (2012). Cybersecurity policy making at a turning point: Analysing a new generation of national cybersecurity strategies. OECD Publishing.

Qabain, S. (2012). The history of the Romanovs. Hindawi Foundation.

Rid, T. (2020). Active measures: The secret history of disinformation and strategic warfare. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

Schmitt, M. N. (Ed.). (2017). Tallinn manual 2.0 on the international law applicable to cyber operations. Cambridge University Press.

Singer, P. W., & Friedman, A. (2014). Cybersecurity and cyberwar: What everyone needs to know. Oxford University Press.

The Brookings Institution. (2022). Cyber campaigns and the future of political warfare. Brookings Press.

UAE Government Official Portal. (2024). Cyber safety and digital security. Strategies and Initiatives. https://u.ae/ar/information-and-services/justice-safety-and-the-law/cyber-safety-and-digital-security

Verizon Business. (2024). 2024 data breach investigations report (DBIR).

Wiener, N. (1948). Cybernetics or control and communication in the animal and the machine. MIT Press.

World Economic Forum. (2024). Cybersecurity and future developments: Insight report.

World Economic Forum. (2024). Global cybersecurity outlook 2024.

Hashmi, M. (2018). The Paris School of Security Studies and the problem of the level of analysis in international relations. International Politics Journal.

Radhi, Z. A. (2025). The effectiveness of cybersecurity in global politics: Concept and security measures for states. Ashur Journal of Legal and Political Sciences, 2(1).