The Impact of Cybersecurity Threats on International Relations: A Contemporary Vision of International Conflict
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cybersecurity, cybersecurity mechanisms, international relations, international conflictAbstract
Cybersecurity threats have become a fundamental factor in shaping the international balance of power, as conflict has shifted from physical battlefields to cyberspace, now considered a new domain of warfare. Cyberattacks are no longer merely destructive tools but political strategies targeting state sovereignty, domestic stability, and critical infrastructure, making national security dependent on protecting information systems. These threats have contributed to the emergence of the “gray zone,” where conflict occurs between peace and full-scale war. In this context, identifying the sources of attacks and proving responsibility are difficult, weakening traditional deterrence and allowing attackers to deny their involvement. This situation has intensified the cyber arms race among major powers and encouraged small and medium-sized states to develop digital capabilities to compensate for their conventional military weaknesses. Consequently, international alliances and rivalries have increasingly been shaped by technological capabilities, alongside geographical and economic factors.
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